Cervical spondylosis is a degenerative condition affecting the cervical spine (the neck region of the spine) due to age-related changes in the intervertebral discs, bones, and joints. It is also known as neck arthritis or cervical osteoarthritis.

Symptoms can include neck pain and stiffness, headaches (particularly at the back of the head), shoulder pain, and in some cases, tingling, numbness, or weakness in the arms and hands. Severe cases may cause coordination problems and difficulty walking.

Diagnosis involves a physical examination and medical history review, followed by imaging studies such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to assess the extent of degenerative changes and rule out other conditions. Additional tests like electromyography (EMG) may be used to evaluate nerve function.

Treatment options range from conservative approaches, including physical therapy, medications for pain and inflammation, and lifestyle modifications, to more invasive procedures like corticosteroid injections or surgery (such as decompression or fusion) in severe cases where there is significant nerve compression or instability.

While age-related changes cannot be completely prevented, maintaining good posture, staying physically active, using ergonomic techniques, avoiding repetitive neck strain, and maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce the risk of developing or worsening cervical spondylosis. Regular check-ups and early intervention can also help manage symptoms and prevent complications.