Lumbar spondylosis is a degenerative condition that affects the lower back (lumbar spine) due to wear and tear on the intervertebral discs, bones, and joints. It is often associated with aging and can lead to symptoms like pain and stiffness in the lower back.

Common symptoms include chronic lower back pain, stiffness, muscle spasms, and in some cases, pain radiating to the hips, buttocks, or legs (sciatica). Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the legs may also occur if nerve compression is present.

Diagnosis involves a physical examination and medical history review, followed by imaging studies such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to visualize the extent of degenerative changes and rule out other conditions. Additional tests like nerve conduction studies or electromyography (EMG) may be performed to assess nerve function.

Treatment options include conservative approaches like physical therapy, pain medications, anti-inflammatory drugs, and lifestyle modifications. In more severe cases, epidural steroid injections or surgical interventions (such as decompression or spinal fusion) may be necessary to relieve symptoms and improve function.

While aging cannot be prevented, maintaining a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise to strengthen the back and core muscles, practicing good posture, avoiding heavy lifting, and maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce the risk of developing or worsening lumbar spondylosis. Regular check-ups and early intervention can also help manage symptoms and prevent complications.