An osteoporotic spine fracture, also known as a compression fracture, occurs when a vertebra in the spine collapses due to weakened bones from osteoporosis. This condition primarily affects older adults and can lead to significant pain and disability.

Symptoms can include sudden and severe back pain, pain that worsens with standing or walking, decreased height, a stooped posture (kyphosis), and limited spinal mobility. In some cases, there may be no symptoms, and the fracture is discovered incidentally.

Osteoporotic spine fractures are caused by the weakening of bones due to osteoporosis. This makes the vertebrae more susceptible to fractures from minor falls, lifting, bending, or even routine activities. Risk factors include aging, hormonal changes, insufficient calcium and vitamin D intake, and a sedentary lifestyle.

Diagnosis involves a physical examination, review of medical history, and imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to identify fractures and assess bone density. A bone density test (DEXA scan) is often used to diagnose osteoporosis and evaluate the risk of future fractures.

Treatment options may include pain management with medications, physical therapy to strengthen the back and improve mobility, bracing to support the spine, and lifestyle changes to improve bone health. In some cases, minimally invasive surgical procedures like vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty are performed to stabilize the fracture and relieve pain. Managing underlying osteoporosis with medications and dietary supplements is also crucial to prevent further fractures.