A spine fracture, also known as a vertebral fracture, occurs when one of the bones in the spinal column breaks. This can result from trauma, such as a car accident or a fall, or from conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis.

Symptoms of a spine fracture can include sudden and severe back pain, pain that worsens with movement, limited mobility, deformity or curvature of the spine, numbness or tingling, and in severe cases, loss of bladder or bowel control if the spinal cord is affected.

Spine fractures are commonly caused by traumatic events like car accidents, falls, sports injuries, and acts of violence. They can also occur due to osteoporosis, which weakens the bones, making them more susceptible to fractures even from minor stress or falls.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, review of medical history, and imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI to assess the location and severity of the fracture. Bone density tests may also be conducted to evaluate underlying conditions like osteoporosis.

Treatment options vary based on the type and severity of the fracture and may include rest, pain management, bracing to immobilize the spine, physical therapy, and in severe cases, surgical intervention such as vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, or spinal fusion to stabilize the spine and promote healing.