Spinal deformity correction is a surgical procedure aimed at correcting abnormal curvatures or deformities of the spine, such as scoliosis, kyphosis, or lordosis. The goal is to restore proper alignment and function of the spine, alleviate pain, and prevent further progression of the deformity.

This procedure is performed to address severe spinal deformities that cause pain, mobility issues, and other health problems. It is often considered when non-surgical treatments, such as bracing or physical therapy, have failed to improve the condition or when the deformity is progressing rapidly.

Risks of spinal deformity correction surgery include infection, bleeding, nerve damage, spinal cord injury, blood clots, and adverse reactions to anesthesia. There is also a risk of non-union (failure of the bones to fuse properly) and the potential need for additional surgeries.

Recovery from spinal deformity correction surgery can be extensive and may take several months. Patients typically stay in the hospital for a few days to a week post-surgery. Physical therapy is an essential part of the recovery process to help regain strength and mobility. Patients will need to avoid strenuous activities and follow their surgeon's guidelines closely during the recovery period.

Non-surgical alternatives may include bracing, physical therapy, and medications to manage pain and inflammation. These options are usually considered for less severe deformities or for patients who are not good candidates for surgery. However, in cases of significant deformity or when conservative treatments fail to provide relief, surgical correction may be the best option.